杭州市民工子弟学校学龄儿童伤害流行特征分析

Epidemic characters of injuries among school aged children of migrant workers in Hangzhou

目的了解杭州市民工子弟学校儿童不同于本地儿童的伤害流行特征,为开展防制工作提供依据。方法分层整群抽取杭州市4所民工子弟学校、4所本地学校学生进行问卷调查。率的比较采用2χ检验,均数比较用t检验。结果杭州市民工子弟小学生的伤害发生率为43.64%,中学生的伤害发生率为44.38%,与本地户籍中小学生伤害发生率差异无统计学意义。但民工子弟初中女生的伤害发生率明显高于本地户籍初中女生,民工子弟学校学生多发性伤害的发生率及伤害年均发生数均高于本地户籍学生。伤害的首位原因均为跌落,民工子弟小学生的触电发生率、初中男生的溺水发生率及初中女生的烫伤、刀割伤、碰撞伤和触电的发生率均明显高于本地户籍同类学生。民工子弟学校学生因伤害造成的家庭负担更重。结论民工子弟有不同于本地户籍学生的伤害流行特征,伤害造成的家庭负担较本地学生更重,有必要开展针对性的防制工作。

Objective To explore the epidemic character of injuries among school aged children of migrant workers which was different from the native-born children in Hangzhou, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 3 582 students enrolled covered 4 schools of migrant workers＂ children and 4 schools of native-born children through stratified cluster random sampling in Hangzhou was conducted to collect information by questionnaire. Distributional characteristics of qualitative variables between migrant workers＂ children and native-born children were analyzed by X^2 tests or t tests. Results The incidence rate of injuries among primary and middle school students of migrant workers was 43.64% and 44.38% respectively, and there was no statistical difference from that of the native-born children. But the incidence rate of the girls of migrant workers in middle school was higher than the native-born girls. The incident rate of the multiple injuries of migrant workers＂ school age children was higher than the native-born children. The first cause of all the children injuries was fall. The incident rate of electric shock in primary school students of migrant workers and of the drowning in middle school aged boys of migrant workers were higher than the native-born children respectively. The incident rate of scald, crash and cutting by knives in secondary schoolgirl of migrant workers were higher than that of native children. The burden caused by children injury in migrant families was more heavier than the native-families. Conclusion The epidemic character of injuries anlong school aged children of migrant workers is different from the native-born children＇s in Hangzhou, and it bring more burdens to migrant families. Interventions that address the specific injury epidemic character may help to reduce the injury morbidity and burden in migrant families.