一起寄宿制学校甲型H1N1流感暴发危险因素分析

Risk factors of influenza A(H1N1) outbreak in a boarding school

目的探讨一起甲型H1N1流感在寄宿制学校暴发的危险因素，为制定甲型H1N1流感疫情的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用RT—PCR方法以及血凝抑制试验，进行甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸及血清抗体检测；同时进行面对问卷调查并查阅校医门诊记录，运用病例对照研究，分析甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的危险因素。结果一次疫情暴发后，学生甲型H1N1流感感染率为32．69％。，检验表明，同班同学发热（OR：2．257，95％CI=1．664～3．060）、同宿舍室友发热（OR=2．270，95％CI=1．782～2．891）、宿舍每天开排气扇（OR=0．776，95％CI=0．617～0．976）、宿舍朝向与当时季节风向不一致（OR=1．417，95％CI=1．114～1．801）均与甲型H1N1流感感染有关。结论加强晨检、及时发现传染源并采取单间隔离或居家隔离是控制甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的重要手段，加强居室通风是切实可行的预防措施。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of influenza A （ H1N1 ） outbreak in a boarding school, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control. Methods RT - PCR and hemagglutination inhibition test for pandemic influenza A （ H1N1 ） virus were used to test the nucleic acid and serum antibody. Case-control study design was adopted to analyze the risk factors of influenza A （ H1N1 ） of infection. Restilts After an outbreak of influenza （ H1 N1 ）, the prevalence of influenza A （ H1N 1 ） infection was 32.69%. Having classmates who had a fever （ OR = 2.257, 95 % CI = 1.664 - 3.060 ）, living with a roommate with fever （ OR = 2. 270, 95 % CI = 1. 782 - 2. 891 ）, having ventilating fan in the dormitory（ OR = 0.776, 95% CI = 0. 617 -0.976 ）, and the direction of the dormitory was inconsistent with current seasonal wind direction （OR = 1. 417, 95% CI = 1.114 - 1. 801 ） were all risk factors of influenza A （ H1 N1 ）. Conclusion Emphasizing morning check, discovering contagium timely and taking isolation or quarantine measures for the influenza-like illness are feasible H1N1 preventive strategies.