南京市郊设施蔬菜重金属含量及健康风险分析

Concentration Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Greenhouse Vegetables of Nanjing Suburb

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了南京市郊2个设施蔬菜栽培基地蔬菜中的重金属含量,并与国内蔬菜标准进行比较;运用目标危害系数(thetargethazardquotient,THQ)方法评价了当地居民摄食蔬菜导致的健康风险,并比较了成人和儿童居民THQ值大小。结果表明,蔬菜中Pb、Cd、Zn和Cu的平均含量分别是0.117mg/kg、0.206mg/kg、0.990mg/kg和0.117mg/kg,其中Pb、Zn和Cu含量符合我国无公害绿色蔬菜标准,Cd含量超标。成人摄食蔬菜导致的Pb、Cd、Zn和Cu的THQ值分别为0.158、1.119、0.018和0.096,儿童为0.207、1.479、0.023和0.125,两者均存在因摄食蔬菜导致的Cd潜在健康风险。成人和儿童重金属复合风险系数分别为1.390和1.834,复合风险主要由Cd引起。各单一重金属对成人和儿童复合风险的贡献率基本相同,儿童因摄食蔬菜导致的重金属健康风险大于成人。

Pb,Cd,Zn and Cu contents in 50 vegetable samples from two greenhouse bases of Nanjing suburb were detected by flame atomic absorption spectrometry,and results were compared with main vegetable standards of China.Possible health risks to local residents caused by the heavy metals through consumption of vegetables were assessed based on target hazard quotient（THQ）,and THQ values between adults and children were compared.Results showed that the contents of Pb,Cd,Zn and Cu in vegetables were 0.117 mg/kg,0.206 mg/kg,0.990 mg/kg and 0.117 mg/kg,in which Pb,Zn and Cu contents were in line with Chinese pollution-free green vegetables standard,while Cd content exceeded.THQs of Pb,Cd,Zn and Cu for adults due to consumption of vegetables were 0.158,1.119,0.018 and 0.096,for children were 0.207,1.479,0.023 and 0.125,both of which had potential health risks from Cd.Total metal THQs for adults and children were 1.390 and 1.834,which were mainly caused by Cd.Single heavy metal contribution rate to the combined risk was basically the same for adults and children,but health risks for children caused by heavy metals were bigger than adults.