新疆苹果种质资源亲缘关系的SSR分析

SSR Analysis on Genetic Relationships of Xinjiang Malus Germplasm Resources

【目的】以21份新疆苹果种质资源为实验材料,研究新疆苹果种质资源的亲缘关系,以期为新疆地方苹果品种可能是由新疆野苹果直接驯化而来的推论提供重要证据。【方法】利用分子生物学SSR技术,通过DNA的提取、纯度与浓度检测、SSR扩增反应的程序和体系组成、引物选择、PCR扩增及数据分析等,探讨新疆苹果资源间亲缘关系。【结果】若以遗传相似系数0.63为阈值,可将新疆苹果21份地方资源聚类成3组,新疆野苹果和新疆地方苹果品种交叉分布,说明新疆地方苹果品种与新疆野苹果具有相同的遗传背景,遗传相似度高,亲缘关系很近。【结论】新疆地方苹果品种可能是由新疆野苹果直接驯化而来,或是长期育种杂交或栽培过程中遗传变异造成的。

[ Objective] The aim of this thesis is to analyze the genetci relationships of 21 portions of apple germplasm resources in Xinjiang to provide the important key basis for inference of source of Xinjiang Malus. [Method]SSR techniques of molecular biology were used to provide the important basis for the diduetion based on which Xinjiang Malus varieties were directly domesticated from Xinjiang Wild apple varieties, through DNA extraction, purity and concentration detection, SSR amplification procedures and composition of the system, primers selection, PCR amplification and data analysis to explore the genetic relationships between Xinjiang Malus germplasm resources. [ Result ] The twenty - one portions of materials were divided three groups when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.63. The results of clustering germplasm resources showed the cultivars in Xinjiang M. sieversii cross - distribution, the cultivar in Xinjiang M. sieversii had the same genetic background, the high genetic similarity and closer genetic relationship. [ Conclusion ] Local apple varieties in Xinjiang may be domesticated directly from Malus sieversii Roem for the long - term breeding of domesticated or cultivated hybrid genetic variation.