新疆首次发现水稻重大外来有害生物稻水象甲

The First Discovery of Significant Invasive Pest of Paddy Lissorbqptrus oryzqphilus Kuschel in Xinjiang

【目的】为新疆水稻种植区科学监测和防控稻水象甲提供参考。【方法】普查和定点调查,结合文献报道,明确目前稻水象甲发生、分布和危害,描述其形态特征,介绍国内外稻水象甲生物学特性和发生规律研究成果,提出防治策略和措施。【结果】截止目前该害虫发生涉及伊犁河谷地区察布查尔锡伯自治县和乌鲁木齐市米东区8个乡镇场,发生面积0.397×104hm2(5.95万亩)。在发生区稻田稻水象甲幼虫平均发生量3头/穴,最高达20头/穴;成虫平均发生量3.7头/m2。该虫危害造成产量损失约为5%,严重者可达25%以上。【结论】以国内外稻水象甲主要生物学特性、发生规律和防治的最新研究成果为基础,结合稻水象甲入侵初期的特征和新疆水稻的生产实际,初步提出封锁和防控措施。

[ Objective ] To provide the reference about scientific monitoring and control of 1.2ssorhoptrus orgzophilus Kuschel for the Xinjiang paddy planting area. [Method] According to the general survey, the fixed- point investigation as well as reported reference, the occurrence, distribution and damage of Lissorhoptrus orgzophilus Kuschel were confirmed, and also description of its morphological characteristics, introduction of the research achievment at home and abroad about its biological characteristics, the occurrence of regulation of Lissorhoptrus orgzophilus Kuschel, and providing the strategy and the measures of controlling the pest have been revealed. [ Result] Up to now, 8 villages and towns which cover 4 000 hectar of rice fields in Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County in Ili river valley and the MiDong, Urumqi were involved in the distribution of the pest. The population density of the larve reached 20/each hole. The density of the adult pest - insects could reach 3.7/square meters. In general, the pest could cause 5 % lose of output approximately, the more serious lose could reach above 25 % of total yield. [Conclusion] Based on research achievment about main biological characteristics, occurrence regulation of Lissorhoptrus orgzophilus Kuschel at home and abroad combined with its feature about initial period of invasion and the Xinjiang paddy＇s production reality, the measures for controling the pest - insects were provided.