超越主客观解释论:刑法解释标准研究

Beyond Subjectivity and Objectivity:On the Test of Criminal Law Interpretation

合理解释刑法是正确适用刑法的前提,因而探寻解释合理与否的标准构成刑法解释理论的核心。传统刑法解释理论的解释标准,无论是主观解释论的立法原意标准还是客观解释论的客观意思标准,都存在诸多缺陷,因此,必须根据以人为本的理念,从理解人本身的视角确立刑法解释的标准。在以人为本的理念下,刑法解释主体是具有多元价值观的解释者构成的解释共同体,刑法解释的标准是多元互动解释共同体通过对话协商获得的共识。制度化的对话协商可以通过求同存异的办法防止实质性价值冲突的激化,成为刑法解释及适用的合法性保障。

Reasonable interpretation is the premise of proper reasonable interpretation seems to be the core of criminal law inte application of criminal law and thus the test of rpretation theory. The tests in traditional inal law interpretation theory, no mater the legislative intent based on subjectivity interpretation or the literal meaning criterion based on objectivity interpretation, are all defective. As such, a new criminal law interpretation test must be ascertained based on the people-oriented idea that takes the interpretive subject as one with a variety of values and the interpretation test as the consensus reached through interactive deliberation of interpretation subjective values. Institutional deliberation may prevent substantial conflicts of values from being intensified by way of seeking common ground while reserving differences and thus can ensure the legitimacy of interpretation and application of criminal law.