汉学视野中的桐城义法——以钱大昕批评方苞为例

On the Yifa Theory of the Tongcheng School in the Perspective of the Sinology——Taking Qian Daxin's Criticism on Fang Bao as an Example

乾嘉时期汉学兴起、主盟学坛,与宗奉宋学、倡导古文的桐城派产生激烈冲突,钱大昕批评方苞即为标志之一。基于汉学家立场,钱大昕反对儒家经典的文学化、试图以史法规范文学、主张文无定法,不仅体现出汉学与文学的背离,同时也为姚鼐建构桐城派古文理论提供了独特的理论资源。

The rise of sinology studies as main league of the academic field in Qianlong-Jiaqing period brought about intense conflicts between the sinologists and the Tongcheng School which proposes Songxue and ancient style prose, with Qian Daxin＇ s criticism on Fang Bao being an important mark. Qian Daxin opposed to the Confucian classics of literature and tried to standardize literature through Shifa, advoeaing the non-fixed method based on the sinologist position. The theory not only reflects a departure of Sinology from literature, but also provides specific resources for the construction of the classical theory of Tongcheng School.