百年农民观念变与不变的经济学分析

Economic Analysis on the Change and Stillness of the Concept of Peasants

近百年以来,或因政权变更、或因现代化建设,农村土地资源的占有使用支配等发生变化,附着在其上的观念也发生变化:被剥夺意识强化、宿命等传统意识逐渐淡化和稀释、阶级意识填补了传统意识稀释而留下的空间、工业观念深入人心、传统小农意识之壳中不断增添新内容。而有些制度则没有改变或虽改变却承载的意识不变,附着其上的观念则变化不大:宗族意识、均平意识、宿命意识、循环意识、贵土贱农意识等仍然存在。农民观念的现代化,最重要的是农民生活于其中的经济制度的现代化。不触动农民生活于其中的经济制度,被思想运动清除掉而成为历史的东西将会卷土重来。

In recent centuries,rural land resources＇ rights and usage changed a lot,the concept of land use also changed a lot：the conscious of being deprived emerging,the traditional sense of class consciousness gradually weakened and then diluted,the industrial concept is being born,and new content joining in peasant consciousness.But some of the concept on them didn＇t change much：tribalism,egalitarianism,the fatalistic sense,recycling awareness and so on still exist.The key of modernity of concept is the modernization of the rural economic system.