家蚕预蛹粉对糖尿病模型小鼠的降血糖效果试验

The Hypoglycemic Effect of Bombyx mori Prepupa Powder on Model Mice of Diabetes

利用变态发育至预蛹期的家蚕制备预蛹粉及脱脂预蛹粉,并添加至饲料中饲喂四氧嘧啶诱导糖尿病模型小鼠,观测小鼠血糖值及基本生理状况和主要脏器指数的改变。试验组糖尿病模型小鼠饲喂添加5%家蚕预蛹粉的饲料后,其"三多一少"症状有显著改善,肝脏指数、肾脏指数和血糖浓度均极显著降低,脾脏指数极显著提高,其中空腹血糖(FBG)比对照模型组小鼠下降20.38%,餐后血糖(PBG)下降39.07%;饲喂添加5%脱脂预蛹粉饲料的糖尿病模型小鼠,其控制血糖效果明显低于预蛹粉添加组。试验组糖尿病模型小鼠饲喂添加1%、5%和10%预蛹粉的饲料后的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1 c)均极显著低于对照模型组小鼠,分别降低了31.39%、45.89%和54.42%;5%和10%预蛹粉添加组模型小鼠的血清C肽极显著高于对照模型组小鼠,分别增加了18.97%和29.31%。试验结果显示,家蚕预蛹粉能有效控制糖尿病模型小鼠的血糖水平,并改善小鼠的基本生理状况和脏器指数,但总体效果略低于拜糖平添加组;脱脂后的家蚕预蛹粉的降血糖效果显著降低,提示其降血糖活性分子可能存在于脂溶性物质中。

In present study, silkworm （Bombyx mori） larvae at prepupal stage were collected to prepare prepupa powder and defatted prepupa powder, which were then administered into the feed of alloxan-induced diabetic mice for observing changes of blood glucose level, basic physiological state and major viscera indexes of the mice. It was discov- ered that, in the test group of diabetic mice administered with 5% prepupa powder, the ＂three highs and one low＂ symptoms were remarkably improved. Their liver and renal indexes and blood glucose levels were lowered extremely sig-nificantly, and its spleen index was increased extremely significantly, among which fasting blood glucose （FBG） was reduced by 20.38% and postprandial blood glucose （PBG） was reduced by 39.07% compared to the control group of model mice. The hypogfycemic effect of 5% de- fatted prepupa powder was obviously lower than that of normal prepupa powder. The glycated hemoglobin Alc （ HbA1 c） levels of diabetic mice administered with 1%, 5% and 10% prepupa powder were all reduced extremely significantly, being 31.39%, 45.89% and 54.42% lower than those of model mice from the control group, respectively. The C-peptides of serum from the diabetic mice administered with 5% and 10% prepupa powder were extremely significantly higher than that of model mice from the control group, being in- creased by 18.97% and 29.31% respectively. The results indicate that prepupa powder could effectively control the blood glucose level and improve basic physiological state and viscera indexes of diabetic model mice. Yet its overall effect was slightly lower than Acarbose. The effect of defatted prepupa powder was significantly lower, suggesting that the hypoglycemic bioactive molecules exist in fat-soluble substance.