香蕉粘胶纤维的结构和性能研究

Structure and Properties of Banana Viscose Fiber

采用感官评定、SEM、FT-IR、铜氨溶液法、TG、DTG和DSC等分析方法对香蕉粘胶纤维的结构和性能进行表征,并与香蕉原纤维进行比较。结果表明:香蕉粘胶纤维洁白发亮,柔软细腻,有一定卷曲,表面光滑,纵向平行排列,有沟槽,截面呈不规则锯齿形;香蕉粘胶纤维具有纤维素的特征基团,1734.79、1425.75和1511.23 cm-1处吸收峰几乎消失,聚合度为325,在空气中起始热分解温度与香蕉原纤维相近,总放热量约高出975.5 J/g,在氮气中起始热分解温度比香蕉原纤维约低28℃,总吸热量约高出36.42 J/g。香蕉粘胶纤维属于棉型粘胶短纤维,湿强度为0.95 cN/dtex,干强度为2.26 cN/dtex,纯度较高,热稳定性较好,是一种良好的纺织材料。

The structure and properties of banana viscose fiber were characterized by sensory evaluation, SEM, FF-IR, copper- ammonia solution method, TG, DTG and DSC analyses in comparison with original banana fiber. The results showed that banana viscose fiber was clean, bright, soft, crimp and silky. It arranged vertically in parallel. Some grooves in the surface and irregular zigzags in cross section were observed. The characteristic groups of cellulose with absorption bands at 1734.79, 1425.75 and 1511.23 cm^-1 almost disappeared. The polymerization degree of banana viscose fiber was 325. The initial decomposition temperature of banana viscose fiber in air was similar to banana fiber and total heat-release was about 975.5 J/g higher than the later. The initial decomposition temperature of banana viscose fiber in nitrogen was 28 ~C lower than original banana fiber and total heatabsorption was 36.42 J/g higher than banana fiber. Banana viscose fiber belongs to cotton-type viscose staple fiber. The wet and dry breaking tenacities of banana viscose fiber were 0.95 and 2.26 cN/dtex respectively. The purity and thermal stability were high. It is a good kind of textile material.