花青素合成关键酶基因的定位及结构分析

Mapping and Structure Analysis of Key Enzyme Genes in Anthocyanin Synthesis of Soybean

为研究大豆花青素合成途径关键酶的基因标记和结构信息,利用大豆基因组和染色体标记数据,对16个花青素合成关键酶基因(苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、查尔酮合酶(CHS,包括9个成员)、黄烷酮-3-羟化酶(F3H)、苯基苯乙烯酮黄烷酮异构酶(CHI)、二氢黄酮醇还原酶(DFR)和4-香豆酰CoA连接酶(4CL),进行基因遗传图和物理图定位和基因结构分析。结果表明:16个基因分别定位在A1、A2、B1、B2、D1a、D1b、D2、I、K、O等10个连锁群上,并获得了基因所在序列两侧标记。利用大豆的cDNA和gDNA序列信息,获得了16个基因的结构,外显子数目1～7个,内含子数目0～6个,其中PAL、DFR2、GmCHS7是单外显子基因,4CL、CHI、F3H、GmCHS1、GmCHS5、GmCHS8有1个内含子,DFR1、GmCHS2、GmCHS3、GmCHS6有2个内含子,GmCHS4、GmCHS9有3个内含子,GmIRCHS则有6个内含子。

Seedcoat mottling would be induced in soybean when infected by soybean mosaic virus,which could be greatly decrease the economic value.Seedcoat mottling of soybean was due to the abnormal accumulation of flavonoid.And anthocyanin belongs to flavonoid was a kind of major secondary metabolites.Sixteen genes of key enzyme in anthocyanin synthesis,including PAL,chalcone synthase（9 members of CHS family）,F3H,CHI,DFR,and 4CL,were mapped on the soybean linkage groups,based on the soybean genome sequence and marker information,and their gene structures were analyzed.The results showed that 16 genes were mapped on ten linkage groups,including A1,A2,B1,B2,D1a,D1b,D2,I,K,and O,and the flank markers of the gene on the linkage groups were obtained.Furthermore,the sequence information between cDNA and gDNA was compared,the number of exon was from 1 to 7,and the number of intron was from 0 to 6.Among them,PAL,DFR2,and GmCHS7 were all single-extron gene,but there were one intron in 4CL,CHI,F3H,GmCHS1,GmCHS5,and GmCHS8,two introns in DFR1,GmCHS2,GmCHS3,and GmCHS6,three introns in GmCHS4 and GmCHS9,and six introns in GmIRCHS.The corresponding markers obtained from the mapping were available for molecular assisted selection,while the structure information could be better used in gene function analysis.