利用页岩油制取20~#重质燃料油的研究

Preparation of 20~# Heavy Fuel Oil From Shale Oil

实验研究采用的是抚顺页岩油厂生产的页岩油,其组成类似天然石油,富含烷烃和芳烃,但烯烃要比天然石油高的多。此外,页岩油中氧、氮、硫等非烃化合物含量也较多,类似煤焦油的组成。本文对抚顺页岩油的一般性质做了初步评价,研究了由抚顺页岩油通过减压蒸馏的方法制取20#重质燃料油。考查了在减压蒸馏过程中温度和真空度对原料油的影响,从而确定最佳的操作条件。(温度:285℃,真空度:0.095 MPa。)此时的收率为63.45%,凝点是14.7℃。此时燃料油的质量已达到20#重质燃料油的使用要求。

Composition of the shale oil from Fushun shale oil plant is similar with the natural oil which is rich in paraffin and aromatics,however,its olefin content is higher than natural oil.In addition,the shale oil contains more non-hydrocarbon compounds such as oxygen,nitrogen and sulfur compounds,likes coal tar.In this paper,properties of Fushun shale oil was evaluated,then preparation of 20# heavy fuel oil from the Fushun shale oil by vacuum distillation was studied.Moreover,effects of temperature and vacuum degree during vacuum distillation on the products were investigated.The results show that the optimum operating conditions are as follows： temperature 285 ℃,vacuum degree 0.095 MPa.Under above conditions,yield can reach 63.45%,condensation point is 14.7 ℃.The fuel oil accords with the request for utilization of 20# heavy fuel oil.