近古汉语“教”字被动式研究的形成与发展

Formation and Development of the Passive form of the Word jiao

"教"字式是现代北方话中最主要的被动式类型,也是共同语中的一种重要被动式类型。"教"字式是在汉语被动式的同化作用下由变异的"教"字使役式转化而成,在其形成过程中,阿尔泰语言的被动表示法也起到了重要的拉动作用。"教"字式在中古时期开始萌芽,近古时期取得了迅速发展,使用频率不断提升,语法构成趋向复杂,语义角色不断丰富,生命级别明显降低,语法功能变得多样。

The form of ＂Jiao＂ is one kind of passive forms which fbrmed and developed in the south of our country. It was transformed from the variation of the causative form of Jiao, and also was influenced by the assimilation of Chinese passive form and pulling effect of methods of showing the passive, form in Ahai language. The form of ＂Jiao＂ sprouted in Middle Age, rapidly developed in the recent an- tiquity time,,nowadays it has became the most main marked passive form in the northern dialect.