变态反应过敏原检测及临床分析

Allergens detection of allergy and clinical analysis

目的探讨导致Ⅰ型变态反应的各类过敏原在临床上的发生规律。方法收集重庆市第一人民医院皮肤科2010年1~11月所检测的3 980例临床病例,随机抽样368例,用免疫印迹法试剂盒进行检测。结果吸入性变应原所引起的过敏反应以屋尘螨、粉尘螨和屋尘为主,与相邻组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;食物性变应原所引起的过敏反应以虾、蟹为主,与相邻组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.005）。结论通过对变态反应过敏原的检测,发现引起Ⅰ型变态反应的常见因素对患者的诊断、治疗和正确规避Ⅰ型变态反应的发生有重要的临床指导意义。

Objective To investigate the occurrence regularity of various allergens involved in type Ⅰallergy.Methods 328 clinical cases were randomly selected from 3 980 patients in the dermatology department of our hospital and analyzed by using immunoblotting kits.Results In all inhalant allergens causing allergy,Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,Dermatophagoides culinae and house dust were the mostly common,which showing statistical difference in the positive rates between them and other inhalant allergens.Shrimp and crab were the most common food allergens causing allergy.And there was statistical difference in the positive rates between them and other food allergens.Conclusion The most common allergens causing type Ⅰ allergy are discovered.Our findings have important clinical significance for the diagnosis,therapy and prevention of type Ⅰ allergy.