分权节制、民主监督和中国官僚政治现象——再读王亚南《中国官僚政治研究》

Decentralized Power and Control,Democratic Supervision and the Phenomenon of Bureaucracy in China——Based on rereading Wan Yanan's A Study on Chinese Bureaucracy

中国当前处于社会转型时期,官僚政治现象层出不穷,且愈演愈烈。官僚政治作为一种现象和运行机制,可以存在于一切政治制度之中,其根本原因是缺乏有效的监督所致。中国古代的官僚政治现象,往往在朝代后期严重,是因为分权失范所致。当前的官僚政治现象引起官民对立,危害甚大。所以,消除官僚政治现象的唯一途径是强化体制外监督。

China is currently in the state of social transformation,and there is an increasing number of cases about bureaucracy.This paper argues that as a phenomenon and mechanism,bureaucratic politics can exist in all political systems,the fundamental reason for which is due to the lack of effective supervision.The phenomenon of bureaucracy in ancient China,often more serious in the later period of a dynasty,mostly resulted from the anomie of decentralized power.The current phenomenon of bureaucracy might cause the confrontation between officials and the public.The only way to eliminate it is to strengthen supervision from outside institutional system.