磁流变阻尼器动态特性研究

An Experimental Study of Dynamic Characteristics of Magnetorheological Damper

为更好地研究磁流变阻尼器应用于舰船设备抗冲击的控制方法,需要准确、全面了解其动态力学特性。对磁流变阻尼器的动态特性进行试验研究,详细讨论速度、振幅、频率、电流等各个因素对阻尼力的影响。结果表明,在低速区域阻尼器的阻尼力以不可控的粘滞阻尼力为主,阻尼力随速度的变化明显;在高速区域,阻尼力以磁流变液屈服引起的库仑阻尼力为主,阻尼力随速度的变化不大,而主要决定于控制电流,但是随着电流的增大,出现饱和现象;振幅和频率主要影响磁流变阻尼力的粘滞阻尼力,随频率和振幅的增加,速度的变化范围也明显增大,但是在相同的速度下,频率和振幅对阻尼力的影响不明显。为进一步获得磁流变阻尼器动态特性参数及研究舰船设备抗冲击半主动控制方法提供了重要依据。

Better control over the shock resistance of shipboard units underlines the importance of application of the magnetorheological（MR） damper,a more precise and comprehensive understanding of the implication of the dynamic characteristics is substantially important.This paper aims to examine the dynamic characteristics of MR damper through an experimental study.In the study,a variety of factors affecting the damping force of MR damper,including velocity,amplitude,frequency and controlling current,were discussed.The experimental results demonstrate that the uncontrollable viscous damping force of MR damper constitutes the major component of the total damping forces and varies distinctly with velocities at low velocity zone.At high velocity zone,however Coulomb damping force is the major contribution by magnetorheological fluid,where it vary indistinctly with velocities depending on the control current,but saturation will occur with the increment of current.The amplitude and frequency mainly affect viscous damping force,and the variation range will increase distinctly with the increment of frequency and amplitude,but they do not affect the damping force distinctly when at the same velocity.