山区乡村房屋模型水流作用试验

Simulated experimental study on model of buildings in mountain area under flow action

通过山区乡村房屋模型在水流槽中进行模拟山洪水流作用的试验,研究山区洪水对村镇房屋的作用,了解不同地形地貌条件下,不同墙体开洞率的山区乡村房屋在山洪作用下的作用机理和作用特性.根据试验结果得出各片墙体所受水流力的分布规律为水平方向中间大两头小,竖直方向随高度的增加而减小,模型沿水流方向所受总合力随着开洞率的增大而逐渐减小,依据此规律,山区乡村房屋在设计和建造时应考虑满足适当的开洞率,以降低所受到的水流作用力.

In order to study the action of mountain torrents to buildings in mountain area,a simulated experiment was carried out in flume.The flow action mechanism of model in different hole-rates and flow velocities was studied.The experimental results show that the distributions of water current forces on each wall is large at middle part and small at edges in horizontal direction,and decreases with the increase of height in vertical direction.The water current forces of whole model decreases with the increase of hole-rate,thus,in order to reduce the water current forces on buildings in mountain area,the hole-rate should be reconsidered in design and construction.