欧盟排放权交易制度的发展对清洁发展机制的挑战及启示

The Challenge and Experience of the Development of EUETS to CDM

作为国际碳交易的两种主要模式,欧盟排放权交易制度与清洁发展机制各有特色,在推动国际碳市场的统一化趋势上都发挥了重要的作用。但就其实践而言,前者更富有成效。处于不断创新变革中的欧盟排放权交易制度在其前两个阶段的成功基础之上,已经开始了第三阶段的规划。而根据《京都议定书》建立的清洁发展机制尚处于第一阶段,受到了内部和外部的诸多挑战,尤其是来自欧盟排放权交易制度的强劲冲击。后哥本哈根时代,必须以欧盟排放权交易制度的发展为鉴,完善清洁发展机制的制度设计和运行实践,保持后京都机制的活力,进一步扩大全球碳减排合作的广度和深度。

As two main models of carbon emission trading,EUETS and CDM with their respective feature,have played important role in the promotion of unification of international carbon market.But in actual practice,EUETS appears to be more effective.On the basis of success in the first two stages,with ongoing innovation EUETS has entered the third stage.On the contrary,CDM under the Kyoto Protocol is still in its initial stage and has confronted many challenges,especially the fierce challege from EUETS.In the Post-Copenhagen era,how to improve the system of CDM on the experience of EUETS is the main task in the design of carbon emission trading system in Post-Kyoto mechanism.