摘要
浅沟侵蚀是黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的主要侵蚀类型之一。利用室内模拟降雨与放水相结合的研究方法,对雨强、上游汇水面积、坡度和耕作等因素对浅沟侵蚀的影响进行了初步研究,结果表明:浅沟侵蚀发生的速率与坡度、雨强和汇水面积均呈正相关关系。耕作通过改变表层土壤结构,改变了浅沟侵蚀随雨强、坡度和上游汇水面积与侵蚀速率的响应关系。且在较小坡度坡面上,耕作显著减少由于雨强变化引起的侵蚀变化,但在大坡度和大雨强条件下,耕作对雨强引起的侵蚀变化有加强作用。
Ephemeral gully erosion is an important erosion type in hilly area of Loess Plateau. The influence of rainfall intensity, area of upper catchment, gradient and tillage to ephemeral gully was studied preliminarily by simulating experiments. Main conclusions as follows： there was positive correlation between ephemeral gully erosion velocity and slope gradient, rainfall intensity, upper catchment area; Tillage changed the response relationship between rainfall intensity, slope gradient, upper catchment area and erosion velocity by changing the surface soil structure. Erosion velocity showed accelerating trend from small slope and small catchment area to steep slope and large catchment area. On lesser gradient slope, tillage reduced the erosion changes invited by rainfall intensity significantly, but on bigger gradient slope, tillage increased erosion velocity under bigger rainfall intensity. This study can provide with theoretical support for understanding characteristic of ephemeral gully erosion deeply, developing the mechanism.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第1期7-11,共5页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(50709041
50779074
50939006
50721140161)
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAB06B06)
中国水科院博士生学位论文创新研究资助课题
关键词
黄土
浅沟侵蚀
影响因素
雨强
坡度
上游汇水面积
耕作
Loess
ephemeral gully erosion
influence factors
rainfall intensity
slope gradient
upper catchment area
tillage
