非洲红茄与栽培茄种间杂种及其回交后代的鉴定

Identification of interspecific hybrid and its backcross progenies of Solanum aethiopicum group Aculeatum and S. melongena

从植物学性状、育性和枯萎病抗性基因的CAPS标记检测等3个方面对非洲红茄(SA)与栽培茄(紫圆茄自交系DB和紫长茄自交系EP22)种间杂种及其回交后代进行了分析鉴定。结果表明,种间杂种的植物学性状大多表现为偏向于非洲红茄,育性很低,得到少量的自交和回交种子;用栽培茄作父本连续回交两代后,后代的果实性状得到明显改善,育性也逐步恢复;利用非洲红茄中与枯萎病抗性基因共分离的分子标记E13f-r-2对BC2群体进行了检测,筛选出含有枯萎病抗性位点的单株7个。以上结果表明通过有性杂交途径可以将非洲红茄的抗枯萎病抗性基因导入到栽培茄中,从而为进一步开展茄子抗枯萎病品种选育奠定了良好的基础。

The characterizations including botanical traits,fertility and CAPS mark co-segregating with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Melongenae resistant gene of interspecific hybrid and its backcross progenies of Solanum group Aculeatum and S.melongena were tested.The results showed that the heredity of most botanical traits of interspecific hybrid was partial to S.aethiopicum group Aculeatum.The interspecific hybrid displayed very low fertility,but a few seeds were also set by self pollination and backcross.By two continuous backcross of the hybrid with cultivated eggplant varieties（D13 and EP22）,the fertility of progenies was improved obviously.In BC2 population,7 individuals were found to have Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Melongenae resistant locus by CAPS mark detection.The results indicated that the resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Melongenae could be transferred to S.melongena by hybridization,which will be very useful for the breeding of disease resistant varieties.