水产养殖质量安全政府规制对养殖户经济效益影响的实证分析——基于上海的案例

The Influence of Aquaculture Products Government Regulation on Aquaculture Farmers' Economic Benefits——Based on Shanghai Case

水产养殖业的安全健康发展对渔业和社会的发展具有非常重要的作用。水产养殖产品质量安全一直受到政府的重视,政府制定并执行各类措施以实现对水产养殖质量安全的规制。政府采取各种不同的规制方式在很大程度上会影响养殖户的经济效益。基于对上海市养殖户生产行为和经济效益的调查,应用两阶段平均处理效应模型计量实证分析水产养殖质量安全政府规制对养殖户经济效益的影响。我们的计量实证结果发现:在有关政府规制的变量中,无公害认证、政府补贴、渔业保险额度、违规处罚认知对养殖户经济效益具有显著的影响,而养殖户质量安全监管认知对养殖户经济效益影响不显著。因此,渔业行政管理部门应加大无公害认证的力度,加大渔业政府资金补贴力度,政府应该大力提高养殖户的养殖规模和养殖户的专业化水平,并对养殖户的安全认证水产品销售给予市场支持来提高养殖户的经济效益。

Aquaculture product is the main aquatic product for human beings.The healthy development of aquaculture has the important effect on fisheries and social development.Government is always attaching importance to the quality and safety of aquaculture products.The different models of government regulation would have different influences on Aquaculture farmers＇ economic benefits in a degree.Based on the survey on aquaculture farmers in Shanghai,It is originally applied two-step average treatment-effects model to analyze the influence of aquaculture products government regulation on aquaculture farmers＇ economic benefit.The result of positive analysis is that the variables of spe,d,acre,puni,sub and insu have nominal effect on the aquaculture farmers＇ economic benefits.In the last,the paper puts forward that the government should strengthen pollution-free aquaculture product certification,improve aquaculture farmers＇ specialization level and increase their aquaculture scale.In summary,the government should establish good government regulation mechanism to incentive aquaculture farmers to improve their product＇s quality.Therefore,their economic benefits will be increased.