利用两种溶剂浸提探究苦荞各部分化感效应

Exploration Allelopathic Effect of All Parts of Buckwheat by Two Kinds of Solvents Extraction

以苦荞[Fagopyrum tataricum(L.)Gaertn.]地上部分、地下部分和刚萌发的种子为试验材料,分别用蒸馏水和甲醇(φ=10%)浸提,通过培养皿滤纸法生物检测,探究其对油菜和苜蓿的化感作用,比较苦荞不同部位化感效应的差异性,并且比较了苦荞的2种溶剂浸提液对油菜和苜蓿化感效应的异同。结果表明,苦荞各部分浸提液对油菜和苜蓿的根长均表现出抑制作用,且随质量浓度增加抑制作用加强;对苗高生长总体上表现为低质量浓度促进,质量浓度过高会因根生长受到影响而抑制苗高;对油菜和苜蓿萌发率总体上无显著影响。苦荞各部分浸提液对油菜和苜蓿总体化感效应强度表现为地上部分>种子>地下部分。2种溶剂的浸提液对油菜的化感效应基本一致,而在苜蓿上的表现有差别,使用甲醇(φ=10%)提取苦荞得到的浸提液对苜蓿的化感效应强于用蒸馏水浸提的化感效应。

Aboveground part,underground part and germinating seeds of buckwheat were used as test materials,which were extracted by distilled water and methanol（φ=10%） separatly.By the method of cultivation of filter paper,the allelopathy effects of extractions of all parts of buckwheat on rape and alfalfa were compared,and two kinds of solvents were also evaluated.The results showed that the extractions of all parts of buckwheat had inhibition effect on root length of rape and alfalfa,and the inhibition was strengthened with the increase of extraction concentration.In general,low concentration of extractions promoted seedling height,while high concentration of extractions can inhibit seedling height by effecting the root growth.The germination rate of rape and alfalfa had not been significantly affected.Between all parts of buckwheat,the rank of allelopathy effect was listed as aboveground partseedsunderground part.Two kinds of solvent extract had same allelopathic effect on rape basically,while there were different effects on alfalfa.The allelopathic effect of buckwheat methanol（φ=10%） extracts were stronger than those distilled extracts in the experiment of alfalfa.