5种鼠疫检验技术检测鼠疫腐败材料的对比分析

Contrastive analysis of five methods for examining rotten viscera samples of plague

目的探讨鼠疫被检材料腐败对5种鼠疫检验技术特异性和敏感性的影响。方法用细菌培养、酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)、微量法(RIHA)、多聚酶链反应(PCR)以及胶体金法对采自甘肃省河西鼠疫活跃区的64份腐败材料进行敏感性和特异性对比实验。结果材料腐败后鼠疫菌培养受限(36.4%);RIHA敏感性为72.7%,特异性为73.8%;PCR法较稳定,敏感性和特异性分别为95.5%和88.1%;胶体金法的敏感性为81.8%,特异性为83.3%;ELISA敏感性较低(63.6%),但特异性(100%)较高。结论材料腐败后其细胞内的DNA和蛋白均会有不同程度的降解,对以上几种检验方法的敏感性和特异性均有影响,现行的鼠疫诊断方法可能出现错判、漏判。现场检测和判定需配合几种实验方法加以确认。

Objective To investigate effect of rotten viscera samples of plague on specificity and sensitivity of 5 methods.Methods Sixty-four rotten viscera samples of plague sampled from Gansu corridor area were carried out contrastive analysis of the specificity and sensitivity of bacterial culture,ELISA,RIHA,PCR and colloidal gold.Results After samples were in decay,bacterial culture were limited（36.4%）,the sensitivity and specificity of RIHA were 72.7% and 73.8% respectively,PCR showed a stable sensitivity（95.5%） and specificity（88.1%）,the sensitivity and specificity of colloidal gold were 81.8% and 83.3%.ELISA had a high specificity（100%） and low sensitivity（63.6%）.Conclusions Intracellular DNA and proteins were degraded in different degrees after samples are decayed,and the degradation has severe impacts on the above examination methods.Present diagnostic methods may cause mistaken judgment and missed judgment,it is necessary to combine several methods in field examinations.