形貌可控的Pt纳米催化剂的制备及其应用进展

Shape-controlled synthesis of platinum nanocatalysts for catalytic and electrocatalytic applications

铂纳米催化剂由于其高效的还原和氧化作用,在催化和电催化领域的应用非常的广泛。在反应中除了尺寸外,Pt纳米晶体的形貌对催化和电催化的活性和选择性也起到了关键的作用。调变合成单一形貌催化剂的条件,如稳定剂、还原剂和表面活性剂等,对于调控纳米粒子的形貌至关重要。目前形貌可控的铂纳米催化剂已被应用到加氢、氧化和Suzuki偶联等各种类型的反应中,与商用催化剂相比表现出高活性和高选择性等优异的催化性能。本文主要介绍形貌可控的铂纳米催化剂的合成及其在各种反应中的应用。

Platinum nanocatalysts has been widely used in catalysis and electrocatalytic due to its ability to maneuver both oxidation and reduction reactions.In addition to size,the shape of a Pt nanocrystal provides a sensitive knob for tuning its catalytic and electrocatalytic properties.Some factors,such as the reductant,stabilizer,and surfactant,are essential to control the shape of nanoparticles and may affect catalytic activity and selectivity.Nowadays,shape-controlled platinum nanocatalysts has been applied to various reactions,such as hydrogenation,oxidation,Suzuki coupling reaction,etc.Compared to commercially available Pt catalysts,these well-de？ned nanocrystals exhibit greatly enhanced activity and selectivity for those reactions.This review mainly introduces the shape-controlled synthesis of platinum nanocatalysts and its applications in catalytic and electrocatalytic reactions.