一种新型炭载体在乙炔氢氯化反应中的应用

Application of a novel carbon carrier in acetylene hydrochlorination

采用等体积浸渍法制备了一系列不同载体的HgCl2催化剂,利用BET、原子荧光光谱仪(AFS)、元素分析仪(EA)等对样品进行了表征,考察了催化剂在固定床反应装置上进行乙炔氢氯化反应的性能,同时对催化剂失活原因进行了初探。结果表明,不同载体催化剂催化性能和失活原因差异很大,其中以AC-2(沥青基球形炭)为载体的HgCl2/AC-2催化性能最佳,当HgCl2含量为5%(质量分数)、乙炔空速36 h-1、温度140℃、n(HCl)∶n(C2H2)=1.05～1.1时,其初始转化率>99%(比HgCl2/AC-1提高39%),选择性接近100%,寿命可达3168 h,催化性能优于现有工业高汞催化剂。

The catalysts with HgCl2 supported on different carriers were prepared by impregnation methods and characterized by BET,AFS and EA method.The catalytic performance in acetylene hydrochlorination to vinyl chloride was studied in a packed bed reactor.The causes of catalyst deactivation were dicussed.The results showed that the catalysts with HgCl2 supported on different carriers were greatly different in both catalytic performance and cause of deactivation.An asphaltene based carbon AC-2 carrier was the best one for the reaction.When HgCl2 loading was 5%,under the optimal conditions：acetylene GHSV 36 h-1,140 ℃,n（HCl） ∶n（C2H2）= 1.05～1.1,its initial conversion exceeded 99%（higher than activated carbon supported catalysts by 39%）,and selectivity was close to 100%,its lifespan was up to 3168 h.The catalytic performance was superior to existing industrial high-mercury catalyst.