陕西“二华”地区浅层地下水水化学特征及水质评价研究

Chemical characteristics and quality assessment of groundwater in "Erhua" area of Shaanxi

【目的】对陕西华县、华阴(简称"二华")地区地下水的水化学成分空间分布特征及水质进行研究,为保护和改良该地区地下水的水质提供指导。【方法】于2008-11在"二华"地区采集具有代表性的27个地下水水样,对水样中的Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO3-、Cl-、SO24-、CO32-、NO3-N、CODMn、Cr6+、Mn2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+、Pb2+、总硬度、总溶解固体(TDS)含量和pH值进行分析测定,在此基础上,通过水化学分析软件AquaChem V4.0及水质综合指数评价法,对"二华"地区地下水水化学特征及水质级别进行分析与评价。【结果】陕西"二华"地区浅层地下水水化学类型变化按地下水补给→径流→排泄变化依次从HCO3.SO4-Ca.Mg型经SO4.HCO3-Na.Ca型过渡到SO4.Cl-Na型;研究区内水质良好水样占25.0%,水质较差水样占54.2%,水质极差水样占20.8%。【结论】陕西"二华"地区浅层地下水接受秦岭山前地下水的补给,地下水从南向北流向渭河,其沿岸地下水接受渭河河水的侧向补给,河水水质对沿岸地下水的水质有直接影响。

【Objective】 The chemical characteristic and quality evaluation of shallow groundwater in Huaxian Country and Huayin in Shaanxi province were researched to provide a guidance to protect and improve groundwater quality in the region.【Method】 Tweney-seven water samples were collected in November 2008.The tested elements were Na＋,K＋,Ca2＋,Mg2＋,HCO-3,Cl-,SO2-4,CO2-3,NO3-N,CODMn,Cr6＋,Mn2＋,Cu2＋,Zn2＋,Cd2＋,Pb2＋,total hardness,TDS and pH.The chemical characteristic and water quality rank were obtained by the AquaChem V4.0 and the water quality synthetical index method.【Result】 The changes of water chemical type in the shallow groundwater were accorded to the change of the groundwater＇s recharge→run off→discharge,from HCO3·SO4-Ca·Mg by SO4·HCO3-Na·Ca to SO4·Cl-Na;Water quality in the studied area was 25.0% good,54.2% poor,20.8% rather poor.【Conclusion】 ＂Erhua＂ area in Shaanxi province receives the groundwater supply of Qinling Mountains piedmont;the groundwater flows from south to north to the Weihe River;the groundwater along the river side accepts the supply of river,the water quality of Weihe River has a direct effect on the qualityof coastal groundwater.