基于河川径流强度的中国公路水文区划研究

Research on Hydrological Regionalization for Highway in China Based on River Runoff Intensity

根据区划原则和方法,选择对公路选线,尤其对桥位选择及路基和桥涵水毁防治影响很大的河川径流强度作为中国公路水文二级区划指标。选择降雨、植被覆盖度、沟谷比重和河网密度作为河川径流强度的主要影响因素,建立了河川径流强度计算模型;综合考虑公路工程特点,提出了影响因素等级划分体系和影响度值;应用层次分析法得到各影响因素的权重值。利用G IS系统计算河川径流强度指标,在中国公路水文一级区划的基础上,按河川径流强度指标的区域特性及等级划分原则,将全国分为22个河川径流强度区,得到中国公路河川径流强度分区图,分区结果对我国公路网规划有一定的指导意义。

According to the principles and methods of regionalization,river runoff intensity which has much restrict and influence on the highway route selection,especially on the selection of bridge site and prevention of water damage of roadbed and bridge was selected as the index of second-order hydrological regionalization for highway in China.The calculating model for river runoff intensity was built based on the main influencing factors like rainfall,vegetation coverage,gully proportion and drainage density.The grades of main influencing factors,their influence degrees and their weights were put forwarded based on the actual situation of highway engineering and AHP.The river runoff intensity was analyzed by GIS.China was divided into 22 second-order hydrology districts and the distribution map of river runoff intensity in China was obtained based on first-order regionalization according to the regional features and grade division rule of river runoff intensity.The results have quiding significance for Chinese highway network planning.