易感人格的工作记忆特征对药物成瘾的调节机制

Modulation Mechanism of Working Memory to Drug Dependence Based on Personality Vulnerability

药物成瘾是指持续使用成瘾药物,出现耐受性和戒断症状并严重阻碍正常社会功能的精神疾病。工作记忆在调节药物成瘾行为中扮演了中心角色:在神经易感性和易感人格特质基础上,低工作记忆容量导致危险决策和去抑制性,进而影响寻求药物和复吸行为。目前的研究基于已经产生成瘾的个体,无法区别神经易感性、人格特质以及工作记忆缺陷是药物成瘾的原因还是结果;而且,仅从认知角度研究药物成瘾的原因,会忽视该行为受多个因素影响的事实。

Drug dependence is a kind of psychological and mental disease whereby individuals use medicine, develop tolerance and withdrawal symptoms and whose social function is seriously and negatively affected by drug use. Working memory plays a central role in the process of modulation in the behavior of drug dependence： Based on personality vulnerability and neural sensitization, low working memory capacity can influence decision-making and inhibition, and has an affect on drug seeking behavior and tendency for relapse. However, up to this point the subjects of research in this area were individuals who were already addicted. As a consequence, the results cannot distinguish whether neural sensitization, personality vulnerability or working memory deficiency is the reason or the result of the drug dependence. In addition, previous research was conducted only from a cognition perspective and ignored the fact that drug use behaviors do not result from one single and isolated deficit and is actually influenced by many different factors, such as affective deficit and stress. Future research should focus on an integrated approach which considers emotion, cognition and personality et al..