工作场所越轨行为结构分类研究

An Empirical Study on Chinese Typology of Workplace Deviance

以探讨中国人工作场所越轨行为的内容与结构为主旨。首先,采取主位与客位研究相结合的范式,用开放式问卷对39名人力资源管理专业研究生课程进修班学员进行工作场所越轨行为项目征集,经语义分析后共获得45条工作场所越轨行为。接着,采取无固定锚点的分类方式让42名工商管理硕士班学员自由地将上述行为分成2～12类。然后,再采用多维量表分析剖析分类特征。研究结果发现:工作场所越轨行为分成4类,能较好地反映被试对该行为的认识。最后,以多维量表分析法获得的各行为四维度坐标为基准,采用层次聚类分析探寻各工作场所越轨行为的相互关系。研究结果表明:中国人将工作场所越轨行为分成生产型过失、违法行为、损公肥私与合作破坏行为4类。研究得出的结论有助于建构和发展中国特色的工作场所越轨行为理论体系。

This study aims at exploring the content and typology of workplace deviance in China.First,the researchers used a combined emic and etic approach to generate the item pool of workplace deviance.A total of 39 valid participants generated 45 items after deleting redundant,ambiguous ones.Next,42 valid MBA students from Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics were requested to sort the 45 workplace deviances into 2 to 12 categories at their will based on the similarity of the behaviors.MDS PROXSCAL and the hierarchical clustering analysis were applied to analyze the similarity matrix of items.Finally,four types of workplace deviance groups were determined and labeled,including production misconduct,illegal behavior,benefitting oneself at the expense of public or other interests and failure or refusal to cooperate with colleagues respectively.The（dis）similarities as well as the reasons behind them are discussed and future directions are proposed in this paper.