基于超效率DEA模型的中国省际生态效率时空差异研究

Spatial-temporal Differences of Provincial Eco-efficiency in China Based on Super Efficiency DEA Model

建立了基于DEA模型的生态效率投入产出指标体系,运用超效率DEA模型对中国30个地区1995～2007年的生态效率进行了测度,将测度结果按照东、中、西、东北4个区域进行了时空差异分析,并对生态效率变化趋势进行了收敛检验。结果显示:1995～2007年中国的生态效率存在明显的区域差异,效率均值的高低排序依次为东部、中部、东北、西部,其中东部、西部、东北呈生态效率下降趋势,中部呈上升趋势,只有东部地区生态效率均值高于全国均值,其余地区生态效率均值都低于全国均值;通过收敛检验可以看出1995～2007年间,中国生态效率呈发散趋势,即差距在逐渐增大,其主要受东部地区生态效率变化的影响。

This article establishes an input-output index system based on DEA model,and then makes evaluation of ecological efficiency of 30 areas of China during the years from 1995 until 2007 by means of super efficiency DEA model.Finally,this article makes spatial difference analysis of the measuring results according to eastern,middle,western and northeastern region;meanwhile examine the convergence of the changing trend of ecological efficiency.The results show that the ecological efficiency of China during the years from 1995 until 2007 obviously represents regional differences and the rank ordering of average efficiency is as follows in turn： eastern,middle,northeastern and western region;the ecological efficiency of eastern,western and northeastern region presents the declining trend,while the middle region presents the increasing trend;the ecological efficiency of northeastern region exceeds the national average and all the rest of the ecological efficiency is below the national average.The conclusion can be drew from con convergence analysis that the national ecological efficiency assumes the lesser radiation trend during the years from 1995 until 2007,namely the gap of efficiency is gradually increasing,the main reason of which lies in the influence of ecological efficiency change of eastern region and smaller changes of other regions.