皮肤科药疹患者皮疹特点及药学监护分析

Clinical Analysis and Pharmaceutical Care of Inpatients with Drug Eruption

目的通过分析我院皮肤科住院药疹患者的病历资料,了解住院患者药疹的情况和重症药疹的皮疹特点,并对此进行药学监护分析。方法回顾性分析2009年7～12月我院皮肤科收治确诊药疹的患者42例。结果药疹致敏药物主要构成为抗生素类(50.00%),解热镇痛类(19.05%),生物制品类(4.76%),抗痛风类(2.38%);药疹疹型主要构成为红斑疹型(69.05%),斑丘疹型(14.29%),猩红热样、麻疹样、多形红斑样荨麻疹(共占7.14%),固定型疹(4.76%)及重症药疹(4.76%)。结论抗生素类药物是药疹的主要致敏药物,抗癫痫类药是重症药疹的主要致敏药物,故建议临床医务人员应详细询问患者用药史,及时停用可疑致敏药物,并加强药学监护。

Objective To investigate the clinical feature and pharmaceutical care ofinpatients with drug eruption, especially those with severe drug eruption. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical date on all patients （42cases） with drug eruption from July 2009 to December 2009. Results The composition of causative drugs was antimicrobial drugs（50.00%）, antipyretic analgesic（19.05%）, biological products（4.76%）, antigout drugs（2.38%）. The com- position of clinical manifestation was rash erythematous （69.05%）, maculopapular type （14.29%）, urticaria type （7.14%）, fixed eruption type（4.76%） and severe drug eruption. Conclusion The major involved drugs inpatients with drug eruption are antimicrobial drugs and antipyretic analgesic, while those in patients with severe types are antiepileptic drugs. It is necessary for medical staff to know the drug history of inpatients, stop using questionable allergize drugs promptly, receive pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists.