出血型烟雾病的临床特点及治疗现状

Clinical Features and Current Status of Treatment for Hemorrhagic Type Moyamoya Disease

烟雾病是一种慢性闭塞性脑血管病,表现为双侧颈内动脉末端的进行性狭窄和闭塞,伴随脑底异常血管网生成。脑血管重建术通过改善颅内供血,对治疗缺血型烟雾病有效。而对于出血型烟雾病的治疗,目前仍未找到确实有效的治疗方法,外科手术治疗仍存在争议。本文总结概括了出血型烟雾病的临床特点和治疗现状。

Moyamoya disease is an unusual form of chronic, occlusive cerebrovascular disease characterized by bilateral stenosis or occlusion at the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery （ICA） and an abnormal vascular network （the so-called Moyamoya vessels） at the base of the brain. Revascularization surgery for Moyamoya patients is believed to prevent cerebral ischemic attacks by improving cerebral blood flow; however the optimal treatment regimen for hemorrhagic type Moyamoya disease has yet to be clearly established. Surgical treatment of the hemorrhagic type remains controversial. In this review, we summarized the clinical features and the current status of the treatment for hemorrhagic type Moyamoya disease.