鄂尔多斯盆地地表烃类的遥感探测研究

AN INVESTIGATION ON REMOTE SENSING PROSPECTING FOR THE SURFACE HYDROCAR BONS IN EERDUOSI BASIN

利用遥感技术进行了鄂尔多斯盆地地表烃类的遥感探测研究。分析了鄂尔多斯盆地由于烃类微渗漏造成的“褪红”、粘土矿化、碳酸盐化及热惯量和地温异常等地表异常标志的成分特征与光谱响应。发现油区土壤具有典型“褪红”蚀变、粘土矿化与碳酸盐化的成分特征，“褪红”蚀变可造成油区土壤ＴＭ１／３ 和ＴＭ２／３ 的增高，粘土矿化和碳酸盐化可造成油区土壤ＴＭ５／７ 增高。利用比值主成分分析方法从ＴＭ 图象中提取出本区烃类综合蚀变信息。指出了乌审旗—榆林北、伊金霍旗—准格尔—神木、靖边—横山—乌审旗—盐池和环县—吴旗—延安等四个异常区。这些地表烃类异常区（ 带） 与已知油气田和现有勘探结果具有较高的空间吻合率。

An investigation on prospecting for the surface hydrocarbons in Eerduosi Basin was carried out by use of remote sensing technique.The composition properties and spectral responses of the surface anomaly marks,as the “red fading” clay mineralization,carbonation,thermal inertia anomaly and geothermal anomaly,which were formed by the micro leakage of hydrocarbons,in Eerduosi Basin are analyzed in the paper.It is found that the soils at oil bearing regions are of the composition properties of typical “red fading” alterration,clay mineralization and carbonation,i.e.the increase of TM1/3 and TM2/3 and that of TM5/7 in the soils at oil bearing regions were formed by the “red fading” alteration and the clay mineralization and carbonation respectively.The comprehensive alteration information can be extracted from TM images by use of ratioing principal component analysis method.Four anomaly areas,i.e. Wushenqi North Yulin,Yijinhuoqi Zhungeer Shenmu,Jiangbian Hengshan Wushenqi Yanchi and Huanxian Wuqi Yanan,etc., were delimited.These surface hydrocarbon anomaly areas (zones) have a ralatively high coincidence rate with the known oil and gas fields and the existing exploration results.