急救车转运途中不同体位循环呼吸功能变化的研究

Research on the changes of circulation and respiratory function of different body positions during ambulance transport

目的观察不同转运体位下健康人急救车转运途中循环呼吸功能的变化情况。方法将青年志愿者20名纳入实验，采用自身对照，分别设计顺车体头朝前平卧、顺车体头朝后平卧及垂直车体平卧三种体位，分析不同体位急救车转运途中心率、收缩压、呼吸及血氧饱和度的变化情况。结果三种体位收缩压均出现较基础值先下降后回复的轻微改变（P〈0．01），变化幅度从大到小的排序依次为顺车体头朝前平卧、顺车体头朝后平卧和垂直车体平卧，其余指标心率、呼吸及血氧饱和度值均未发生改变（P〈0．05）。顺车体头朝前平卧组中男性受试者收缩压出现先下降后升高的变化（P〈0．05），变化幅度较女性受试者大。结论急救车转运途中收缩压的改变可能与转运导致的人体血流重新分布有关。在转运患者途中应加强患者生命体征的监测。

Objective To investigate the changes of different body positions during ambulance transport on circulation and respiratory function in healthy population. Methods 20 young volunteers were recruited. By means of self-control, three body positions were tested： decubitus along the vehicle with the head ahead, decubitus along the vehicle with the head backward and decubitus across the vehicle. Changes of heart rate, systolic pressure, breath and blood oxygen saturation of different body positions were analyzed. Results The systolic pressure appeared to decline earlier and restore later of all body positions （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, whereas the systolic pressure of decubitus along the vehicle with the head ahead varied within the widest limits. No change was observed on heart rate, breath and blood oxygen saturation （ P 〉 0. 05）. In decubitus along the vehicle with the head ahead,male subjects supine systdic blood pressure decreased and then increased at first （P 〈 0. 01 ）, large amplitude than the female subjects. Conclusions The change of systolic pressure during ambulance transport may relate with the redistribution of body blood induced by transport. The vital signs of patients should be monitored intensively during the whole transport.