攀枝花市主城区939名学龄前儿童生长发育状况评价

Evaluation of growth and development status of 939 preschool children in the main urban areas of Panzhihua city

目的：了解攀枝花市主城区学龄前儿童生长发育及营养状况。方法：采用全国统一的测量方法,测量儿童体重、身高;同时对视觉、龋齿、血红蛋白进行检查,以评价3所幼儿园939名36岁学龄前儿童的生长发育和营养现状。结果：主城区3所幼儿园学龄前儿童体重和身高正常率分别为93.93%、96.17%。年体重增长≥2 kg者为79.63%,年身高增长≥5 cm达到91.10%。3所幼儿园在年体重、身高增长上有差异（P〈0.05）。低体重、超重、轻度肥胖、生长迟缓、消瘦发生率分别为0.85%、4.26%、0.96%、0.75%、6.71%;贫血、龋齿、包茎、色盲、视觉异常率分别为1.92%、19.38%、8.31%、0.43%、1.17%。男孩在不同年龄段的生长迟缓和龋齿有差异（P〈0.05）,女孩的贫血、龋齿在不同年龄段有差异（P〈0.05）,男孩和女孩间的正常体重、身高率在不同年龄段间有差异（P〈0.05）,总体上男孩优于女孩。结论：攀枝花市主城区3所幼儿园学龄前儿童的生长发育和营养状况良好。

Objective：To understand the growth and development status,nutritional state of preschool children in the main urban areas of Panzhihua city.Methods：A uniform measuring method was used to measure body weight and body height of the children;and their vision,saprodontia,hemoglobin were detected to evaluate the growth and development status,nutritional state of 939 preschool children aged 36 years old in 3 kindergartens.Results：The normal rates of body weight and body height of the children in 3 kindergartens of the main urban areas of Panzhihua city were 93.93% and 96.17%,respectively.For the children with body weight gain each year≥2 kg,the normal rate of body weight was 79.63%;while for the children with body height increase each year≥5 cm,the normal rate of body height was 91.10%.There was significant difference in increase amplitudes of body weight and body height among the children from 3 kindergartens（P〈0.05）.The incidences of underweight,overweight,light obesity,growth retardation,emaciation,anemia,saprodontia,phimosis,achromate and paropsis were 0.85%,4.26%,0.96%,0.75%,6.71%,1.92%,19.38%,8.31%,0.43% and 1.17%,respectively.There was significant difference in incidences of growth retardation and saprodontia among boys of different age groups（P〈0.05）.There was significant difference in incidences of anemia and saprodontia among girls of different age groups（P〈0.05）.There was significant difference in normal rates of body weight and body height between boys and girls of different age groups（P〈0.05）,in general,body weight and body height of boys were better than those of girls.Conclusion：The growth and development status and nutritional state of preschool children in the main urban areas of Panzhihua city are fine,but the problem of unbalanced nutritional state in gender and different kindergartens is still significant