青海河南蒙古族自治县蒙古语的衰退与复兴

The Decline and Revival Mongolian Language of Henan Mongolian Autonomous County in Qinghai

河南蒙古族自治县位于青海省黄南藏族自治州,在历史发展的长河中因社会环境的变化,地理环境的制约,藏传佛教的影响,长期与周围藏族往来等原因,蒙古族自身原有的传统民族文化发生改变,许多表层文化现象如服饰、饮食、语言文字、风俗习惯等已基本与当地藏族相同。20世纪80年代当地政府和蒙古族群众开始蒙古语教育复兴工作,试图通过制度化的教育有效传承蒙古族文化,然而这一工作在其后的发展过程中却暴露出诸多问题,蒙古语的学习陷入困境。本文以此为案例,运用田野调查的方法,对河南蒙古语教育发展状况作了剖析。

Henan Mongolian Autonomous County located in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,The Henan Mongolian culture had changed for different reasons such as social environment,geographical environment,Tibetan Buddhism,lived with Tibetans and so on,now their costume,diet,language,custom changed same as Tibetan.Henan county government and local people revived Mongolian language in 1980s,trying to use schooling education to transmission Mongolian tradition culture more efficiently.However some problems cause Mongolian language education couldn＇t continue.This paper take it as case and use fieldwork method,analysis the Mongolian language education process and defeat reason.