中国商住用地价格倒挂及其产生机理

Study on the Inversion between Commercial and Residential Land Prices in China and Its Forming Mechanism

研究目的:剖析中国商住用地价格倒挂现象产生的机理,为中国住宅用地制度改革提供建议。研究方法:数据统计法,比较分析法。研究结果:无论从房地产价格还是土地价格看,近年中国商住用地价格倒挂现象普遍,商业房地产比住宅房地产价格低15%—40%;产生这一现象的原因主要有:工业用地的低价过量供应挤占了住宅用地的供应量,住宅用地比重长期偏低,住宅用地内部各类土地供应结构失衡,住宅用地的供给不足加剧了地价和房价上涨的预期,住宅用地承担了过多的为地方财政做贡献的重任。研究结论:建立多层次的住房保障体系,细分住宅用地类型,加大住宅用地特别是保障性住房用地的供给力度。

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the essential mechanism of the inversion between commercial and residential land prices in China, aiming to provide suggestions for residential land system reform in China. Statistical analysis and comparative analysis were used in this paper. The results show that the phenomenon of price inversion between commercial and residential land is very common in China in recent years, and the prices of commercial use properties are 15% -- 40% lower than those of residential use. The main reasons include that（ 1 ）the excessive supply of industrial land at low price causes less supply of residential land, resulting in residential land accounts for too low share for a long time; （2） the structure of residential land supply is imbalanced, resulting in the aggravated expectation of residential land scarcity;（3 ）and residential land transfer is misconceived to be responsible for the contribution to local finance. The conclusion of this paper is that China should establish a multi-level housing security system, subdividing residential land categories and increasing the supply of residential land, especially the land for low-income housing.