环境和遗传因素交互作用对食管癌发生的影响

Interaction of environmental and hereditary factors on human esophageal carcinogenesis

食管癌显著的地域性分布差异造成明显的高、低发区,提示环境因素对食管癌发生有重要影响。食管癌流行病学的另一特征是明显的家族聚集现象,食管癌家族史阳性患者约占40%,进一步提示遗传因素在食管癌发生中有重要作用。很显然,阐明环境和遗传因素交互作用对食管癌发生和发展的影响,对食管癌高危人群预警、早期发现和个体化防治具有重要的理论意义和临床应用价值。作者就这一领域研究的新进展、理解和思考作简要讨论。

Aim：Dramatic geographical distribution results in the distinct high-and low-risk incidence areas for esophageal cancer,which suggests that environmental factors may play a predominant role in esophageal carcinogenesis.Epidemiologically,family aggregation is common for esophageal cancer,with a rate of about 40% positive family history,further suggesting that genetic（hereditary）factor may be another important risk factor for esophageal carcinogenesis.It is much desirable to elucidate the interaction of environmental and genetic factors on esophageal carcinogenesis,which is crucial for high-risk subject screening,early detection and personalized prevention and treatment.In this paper,the latest progress in this area and understanding was discussed.