砂带金属打磨作业手臂振动职业危害特征分析

Occupational Hazard Analysis of Hand-Arm Vibration During Abrasive Belt Metal-Grinding Operation

目的研究砂带金属打磨作业手臂振动职业危害特征。方法分析不同目数砂带打磨作业工人接振指标特征;检查接振工人自觉症状及进行冷水复温试验。结果 16、40、180目砂带岗位Ahw(4)分别为5.44、5.34、5.27 m/s2,均超出GBZ 2.2-2007规定限值(5 m/s2),600、800目岗位振动未超出规定限值;手痛、手麻、手冷等为接振工人主要症状表现,三者占自觉症状总人次的78.3%;随工龄增加,复温异常人数占自觉症状人数和总人数百分比呈增高趋势,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=7.65,P>0.05)。结论周围循环功能影响随接振工龄加深,振动职业危害职业健康检查症状询问重点为手痛、手麻、手冷等。本研究对砂带打磨行业振动强度检测和健康监护提供了一定的资料积累,具有指导意义。

Objective To analyze occupational hazard characteristics of the hand-arm vibration during abrasive belt metal-grinding operation.Methods Vibration indicators characteristics were analyzed in different mesh belt grinding and workers exposed to vibration for symptoms were examined and the skin temperature recovery to cold water was tested.Results A hw（4） in 16,40,180 mesh belt grinding posts were 5.44,5.34 and 5.27 m/s^2,respectively,which exceeded the limit（5 m/s^2） of GBZ 2.2-2007 except 600,800 mesh belt grinding posts.Hand pain,hand numbness and cold hands were major symptoms of workers exposed to vibration,accounting for 78.3% of all symptoms.With the increased length of service,the increasing trend was shown to abnormal percentage of the number of total symptoms and the skin temperature recovery to cold water.However, There was not significant difference between groups test（χ ^2 =7.65,P 0.05）.Conclusion The impairment of peripheral circulation is progressively with the increased length of service.Hand pain,hand numbness and hand cold symptoms are the content of inquiry focused on occupational health surveillance to hand-arm vibration hazards.This study has certain information accumulation and guide to intensity testing and occupational health surveillance for vibration of the belt grinding industry.