南朝“物色”考辨——《文选·赋》“物色”类研究之一

On the Signification of wuse in the Southern Dynasties

《文选·赋》"物色"类与《文心雕龙·物色》中的"物色"该作何解,学界意见纷纭。在关于"物色"的种种解释中,当以李善注为宜,然尚有进一步明确的空间与必要。南朝"物色"所具有的四种意义,既可与先秦两汉之"物色"义相衔接,又能分别圆通地解释其时文献中的各处"物色"。《文心雕龙·物色》《文选·赋》"物色"类与南朝部分诗文中的"物色",其内涵当指"在时间流逝中变幻的自然物象",其外延应包括风雨雷电等天气现象、春夏秋冬之四季变幻景物与日月星辰等天文现象。

Academic circles hold diverse view on the signification of the word wuse in Wenxuan and Wenxindiaolong. Among various explanation of this word, Li Shanzhu＇s is considered proper, but leaves room for further clarification. The four signification of wuse in the Southern Dynasties not only converge with its signification in the pre-Qin period and the Western and Eastern Dynasties, but also explain satis-factorily its use in various documents at the time. The connotation of the word refers to ＂the changing natural phenomena in the passage of time＂ and its denotation should include such weather phenomena as wind, rain, thunder and lightening, the changing views of four seasons, and the astronomical phenomena such as the sun, the moon and the stars.