不同饲养方式对鸭蛋成分和蛋黄色泽影响的研究

Effects of Different System Feed on Egg Contents and Egg Yolk Color in Egg-laying Duck

采用单因素试验设计,研究圈养、网上平养和放养3种不同饲养方式对鸭蛋成分和蛋黄色泽的影响。常规方法检测鸭蛋成分。结果表明:饲养方式对蛋清干物质含量有显著的影响(P<0.05),放养鸭的蛋清干物质含量显著低于圈养和网上平养(P<0.05),圈养和网上平养之间差异不显著;饲养方式对蛋黄干物质含量影响不显著(P>0.05),但放养组最低,圈养组稍高,网上平养组最高;饲养方式对蛋清氨基酸的绝对含量有显著的影响(P<0.05),放养鸭蛋的蛋清氨基酸总量低于圈养鸭和网上平养鸭(P<0.05),圈养鸭和网上平养鸭差异不显著;但饲养方式对蛋清各种氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比值影响较小;饲养方式对蛋黄色泽、蛋黄干物质脂肪含量和鸭蛋风味有显著的影响(P<0.05),放养鸭的蛋黄色泽等级和蛋黄干物质中脂肪含量显著高于圈养鸭和网上平养鸭(P<0.05),鸭蛋风味也优于圈养鸭和网上平养鸭;圈养和网上平养之间差异不显著;综合评价3种饲养方式的蛋鸭所产的鸭蛋,总的营养物质含量相差不大,但放养鸭蛋口感好,味道美。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of three different types of feed regime,i.e.feeding ducks in the pen,feeding ducks on the plastic mesh and pasturing ducks,on egg contents and egg yolk color in egg-laying duck.Results indicated that： The dry matter content of egg white was affected significantly by feed regime（P0.05）,the egg whites from the eggs of pasture ducks had more water and less dry matter than that from the other two types of feed regime,that of the other two types of feed regime had no significant difference.The dry matter content of egg yolk was not affected significantly by feed regime（P0.05）,but that of pasture duck is low,that of the ducks fed in the pen is higher than that of pasture duck,that of ducks fed on the plastic mesh is the highest.The absolute content of amino acid of egg white was affected significantly by feed regime（P0.05）,but the ratio of single amino acid to the total content of amino acid was only affected a little.The grade of egg yolk color,fat content of dry matter of yolk and the flavor of the egg were affected significantly by feed regime（P0.05）,and that of pasture ducks were better than that of the ducks fed by the other two types of feed regime.Synthetically appraising the eggs from ducks fed by three different types of feed regime indicated that the total nutrition content of eggs had little difference among the ducks fed in the three different types of feed regime,but the flavor of the egg from pasture ducks was better than that of the ducks fed by the other two types of feed regime.