不同粒径保水剂对土壤物理性质和番茄苗期生长的影响

EFFECTS OF SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMERS WITH DIFFERENT GRANULARITIES ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF TOMATO SEEDLING

将不同粒径保水剂拌施土壤,研究其对土壤物理性质的影响及番茄幼苗对其的响应。结果表明,保水剂处理使土壤容重有所降低,略微提高了土壤总孔隙度,与正常水分对照组比较,保水剂处理组的土壤容重平均降低了6.221%,土壤总孔隙度平均提高了4.417%;土壤质量含水量、田间持水量、地上和地下部分干重都高于干旱对照组但低于正常水分对照组,保水剂处理组土壤质量含水量平均为9.30%(正常水分对照组为24.45%,干旱对照组为2.15%),而田间持水量平均为47.19%(正常水分对照组为58.19%,干旱对照组为39.58%)。保水剂处理的番茄幼苗地上部分干重平均为2.21g(正常水分对照组为2.90g,干旱对照组为1.84g),地下部分干重平均为0.47g(正常水分对照组为0.54g,干旱对照组为0.35g),其中田间持水量和地下部分干重提高的幅度较小;而根冠比除中粒保水剂处理外都略高于正常水分对照组和干旱对照组。综合而言,中粒保水剂在改善土壤结构和幼苗干物质累积方面优于其他粒径的保水剂。

Soil physical properties and response of tomato seedling were studied by Super Absorbent Polymers（SAP） with different granularities in soil.The results showed that soil bulk density decreased slightly,and total porosity increased appreciably after SAP treatment.The average bulk density of soil decreased about 6.221% and total porosity increased about 4.417% of average compared with normal water group.Mass water content of soil,field moisture capacity,dry weight of root,stem and leaf by SAP treatment were lower than control of watery,meanwhile,they were higher than control of drought.The average mass water content of soil was 9.30%（24.45% of normal water group and 2.15% of drought group）,the field moisture capacity was 47.19% of average（58.19% of watery group and 39.58% of drought group） by SAP treatment.Meanwhile,the average dry weight of stem and leaf was 2.21g（2.90g of watery group and 1.84g of drought group）,the average dry weight of root was 0.47g by SAP treatment（0.54g of watery group,and 0.35g of drought group）.But the raised extent of field moisture capacity and dry weight of root were less than that of mass water content of soil and dry weight of stem and leaf.Ratio of root/shoot was slightly higher than both of control groups except medium granularity of SAP group.In general,soil structure improved and dry matter cumulated by medium granularity of SAP were superior to other SAP treatment groups.