呼和浩特市绿化树种综合评价及树种选择

Comprehensive assessment and selection for urban tree species in Hohhot

以呼和浩特市建成区内公园绿地、道路绿地、居住绿地、机关、学校、工厂等单位附属绿地的树种为调查对象,调查内容包括树种、株高、冠幅、病虫害、观赏性及在寒冷、干旱、贫瘠、污染等不利条件下的树木长势。运用特尔菲法和层次分析法建立由耐寒性、耐旱性、耐瘠薄、抗病虫害能力、抗污染能力、环境卫生、观赏性和生态效益等8项指标组成的绿化树种综合评价指标,对常见的74个绿化树种进行综合评价。结果表明:一级树种有32种,是呼和浩特市基调树种和骨干树种的首选种类;综合评价为二级的树木共有28种,可作为城市绿地的一般树种;综合评价为三级的树木共有9种,应根据实际情况慎重选用;综合评价为四级的树木共有5种,不宜选用,或根据需要采用适当的栽培措施适当选用。

The focus of this research is to the urban tree species in Hohhot.The tree species have been investigated in the following areas： park green space,street green space,residential green areas,and attached green space.Based on the results of the investigation,the information about the species,height,the crown size,the plant disease,insect pest,the functions of landscape and the growing situation in cold,arid,barren and polluted environment,have been obtained.The tree assessment comprehensive indices system with 8 indices has been established by employing the Delph method,which is the cold resistance,drought resistance,disease resistance,pollution resistance.Altogether 74 tree species have been assessed,based on the above method.From the results of the investigation and the analyses above,it can be concluded that altogether 32 trees species are at the first grade level which should be the first choices for greening work and the number of the second grade level trees species are 28,which should be widely used,and the number of the third grade level trees species are 9,which should be used prudently according to the environmental characteristics,and the number of the fourth grade level trees are 5,which are not suitable for greening work,and if they are used,proper measures should be taken to maintain these trees.