模块化产业集群及其组织效率分析

The Analysis of the Modularity of Industrial Cluster and Its Organizational Efficiency

"模块化"为产业集群组织模式创新提供了新的空间。模块化产业集群在价值链形成基础、组织权力结构、协调方式、信息流动、企业竞争方式、知识创新模式和创新能力等方面与传统产业集群存在根本的不同。产业集群模块化的路径是技术模块化、产品模块化、市场模块化及组织模块化的互动。模块化产业集群具有较高的组织效率,主要表现为:以功能模块为单元的创新效率,以设计规则为约束的协调效率,以扁平化的组织结构为特征的信息传递效率,以主动创新为导向的低趋同化效率,以交易费用降低为基础的交易效率,以分工为基础的协作效率。产业集群组织的模块化也会受到来自科技发展水平、产业集群的网络性风险以及模块化系统的运行成本等因素的制约。

Modularity offers more opportunities for the innovation in the organizational mode of industrial cluster.There exists an essential difference between the modular industry cluster and the traditional industrial cluster in the basis of value chain,organizational structure,coordination,information flow,enterprise competition,knowledge innovation mode and innovation ability.The modularity of industrial cluster is produced in the interaction of technical modular,product modularization,market modular and organizational modular.The modular industry cluster works with a relatively high organizational efficiency,whose manifestations are as follows： innovative efficiency in each functional module unit,coordination efficiency guided by design rules,information transmission efficiency characterized by flattening organizational structure,low efficiency of assimilation orientated by innovation,transaction efficiency based on the reduction of transaction costand collaboration efficiency based on division of labor.Meanwhile,the modularity of industrial cluster can be restricted by development level,the risk of network of industrial cluster and modular system operation cost.