《孟子》中非名词谓语判断句探析

On the Non-nouns Noun-predicate Sentences in The Works of Mencius

一般认为,判断句的谓语由名词或名词性词组充当,是根据谓语语法特点及主谓语的语义关系为标准的。但从《孟子》看,非名词——主谓结构、动宾结构、动词、形容词作判断句谓语也能表判断,且有自身语法特点,体现出语言形式的丰富性以及语法表达的多样性。

Generally speaking,the predicate of the noun-predicate sentence are a noun or noun phrase.And to judge if a sentence is a noun-predicate sentence is mainly decided by its predicate＇s grammatical feature and the main predicates＇ semantic relation.However,from the noun-predicate sentences in The Works of Mencius,the non-noun structure,such as subject-predicate structure,verb-object structure,verb,adjective,can also act as the predicate of the noun-predicate sentence,and has their own grammar features.This embodies the richness of language form and the diversity of grammar expression.