乳腺癌MR弥散加权成像研究进展

Progress of diffusion weighted MR imaging in breast cancer

MR在乳腺癌诊断方面的应用价值已经得到广泛认同,为增加检出乳腺癌的敏感性,需应用多种MR扫描技术。然而,常规MR在检测及描述乳腺病变特征时具有一定的局限性,弥散加权成像作为一种重要的功能成像技术,能够反映组织的生物物理学特征,有较大的发展前景。弥散加权成像是唯一能够检测活体组织内水分子弥散运动的非侵入性方法,可以检测出组织结构在分子水平上的改变。其成像时间短,敏感性高,无需使用对比剂,并且能比常规MR检查更早的发现病变,因此,它已经广泛应用于脑部疾病中,也越来越多地应用于乳腺疾病方面。本文就弥散加权成像在乳腺癌的应用方面予以综述。

The value in the use of magnetic resonance imaging of breast has been widely received.To improve the sensitivity of detecting breast cancer,several diverse techniques are used for breast MRI.However,there are some limitations for detecting and characterizing breast lesions in the conventional breast MR.Diffusion-weighted imaging（DWI） that identifies the biologic characteristics of tissue as an important functional magnetic resonance imaging has have great prospects.DWI is non-invasive examination method that can measure the diffusion properties of water within living bodies and it can detect the changes of tissue structure at molecular level.It has been widely used in cerebral disease.It is also increasingly exploited the application in breast lesions,with shot imaging time and high sensitivity,and without the use of contrast agent that changes in DWI at an earlier stage than subsequent conventional radiological response indicators.The purpose of this paper is to review the application of diffusion weighted imaging in breast cancer.