药用贝母中几种活性异甾体生物碱的分布

EXISTENCE OF 5α CEVENINE ISOSTEROIDAL ALKALOIDS IN BULBS OF FRITILLARIA L.

目的：测定异甾体生物碱（ 鄂贝啶碱ｅｂｅｉｅｄｉｎｅ、去氢鄂贝啶碱ｅｂｅｉｅｄｉｎｏｎｅ、浙贝甲素ｖｅｒｔｉｃｉｎｅ、异浙贝甲素ｉｓｏｖｅｒｔｉｃｉｎｅ、浙贝乙素ｖｅｒｔｉｃｉｎｏｎｅ 和西贝素ｉｍｐｅｒｉａｌｉｎｅ） 在贝母属（Ｆｒｉｔｉｌｌａｒｉａ）１６ 种植物鳞茎中的含量，探讨贝母所含生物碱与中医临床应用的关系。方法：样品经三甲基硅烷咪唑（ＴＭＳＩ） 柱前衍生化后，进行毛细管气相色谱分析。结果：根据所测生物碱在各种贝母中存在与否及生物碱结构类型，将所分析的１６ 种贝母分为４ 类。结论：不同种贝母所含的生物碱种类与量有差异，由于生物碱是贝母类中药的主要有效成分，因而本文为中医临床区别应用各种贝母（ 如浙贝母，川贝母） 提供了科学依据。

AIM: To determine the contents and investigate the existence of isosteroidal alkaloids (ebeiedine, ebeiedinone, verticine, isoverticine, verticinone and imperialine) in 16 different Fritillaria species. METHODS: Samples were pre derivatized by trimethylsilylimidazole, and analyzed using gas chromatography. RESULTS: Sixteen different Fritillaria species studied in present paper were classified into 4 groups according to the existence and the structure type of the alkaloids determined in each species; (1) Only containing those 5α cevenine isosteroidal alkaloids (verticine, verticinone, ebeiedine etc.) whose hydrogens of C 13 and C 17 being at the state of trans configuration (e.g. F.thunbergii, F.hupehensis etc.); (2) Only containing those alkaloids (imperialine) whose hydrogens of C 13 and C 17 being at the state of cis configuration (e.g. F.pallidiflora ); (3) Containing both types of alkaloids (verticine, verticinone and imperialine etc.) whose hydrogens of C 13 and C 17 being at the state of trans or cis configuration (e.g. F.cirrhosa ); and (4) No alkaloid mentioned above was detected at the present conditions (e.g. F.meleagroides ). CONCLUSION: The resnets showed that the type and content of isosteroidal alkaloid varied in different Fritillaria species. This provided scientific evidence for the clinical use of these crude drug Beimus.