一起刚果(金)维和分队霍乱暴发的流行病学调查

Epidemiological Investigation on an Outbreak of Cholera in a Peace-keeping Camp in Congo

目的总结霍乱暴发疫情的处置经验,为今后非洲维和部队制定防治霍乱等肠道传染病提供科学依据。方法 采取现场流行病学调查及病例个案调查相结合,用描述流行病学的方法进行分析。结果该起疫情显示累计发病70例,罹患率为53.85%。所有病例均有在士兵食堂就餐史,未能采集到可疑食物。本起疫情经采取隔离治疗患者、疫点消毒、加强饮食饮水卫生管理及健康教育等综合防治措施后,疫情得到有效控制。结论根据流行病学调查、病例临床表现和实验室检测结果分析,该起疫情为食物污染引起的。加强维和分队饮食饮水卫生监督和维和医疗机构腹泻症状的监测工作是预防霍乱等肠道传染病的重要措施。

Objective To summarize the experience through a cholera outbreak disposal,and to provide a scientific foundation for prevention and control of enteric infectious diseases in peace-keeping troops in Africa. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was made on the data of case survey and field epidemiological survey. Results A total of 70 cases were affected in the outbreak,with an incidence rate of 53.85%.All cases had a history of repasting in the soldier＇s cafeteria. The collection of the suspected foods failed.In this epidemic,such measures as isolating the patients,sterilizing in epidemic focus,strengthening drinking water and dietetic hygiene and health education were taken,and the situation was under control. Conclusions The results of epidemiological survey,clinical manifestations of the cases,and the results of laboratory tests showed that the epidemic had been caused by food pollution.Strengthening drinking water and dietetic hygiene in peace-keeping camps and monitoring diarrhea symptom by peace-keeping medical institutions are the important measures for prevention of enteric infectious diseases,such as cholera.