基于自组织理论的旅游产业集群演化阶段与机制研究——以杭州国际旅游综合体为例

THE EVOLVEMENT STEPS AND MECHANISMS OF TOURISM INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER BASED ON THE SELF-ORGANIZATION THEORY:TAKING THE EXAMPLE OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT DISTRICTS IN HANGZHOU CITY

旅游产业集群是自组织和被组织的过程。杭州国际旅游综合体属于内生型旅游产业集群,其空间演化可以分为四个阶段:诞生阶段、自我增强阶段、空间扩散阶段、空间一体化发展阶段。研究认为:自组织系统是旅游产业集群自组织演化的条件;旅游产业集群在集聚、离散不断涨落的过程中最终使旅游产业集群衍生与演化;旅游产业集群的集聚与扩散机制在旅游产业集群空间演化过程中相互依存,互相制约,并在一定条件下相互转化,进而使旅游产业集群从最初均质无序状态演化为成熟旅游产业集群的有序自组织系统;正负反馈机制是旅游产业集群规模的自我调节机制。

Tourism industrial cluster forming process is mixed by self organization and constructed organization characteristics. The forming nature of Hangzhou international tourism integrated development districts belongs to the type of inner puilulative tourism industrial cluster, and their evolvement steps can be summed by four steps as break the ice step, self-strengthen step, spatial pervasion step, and spatial integrated development step. This paper concludes that self-organization system is the conditions of tourism industrial cluster self-organizational evolvement; tourism industrial cluster grows and evolves by the power driving from cluster fluctuating during their agglomeration and dispersion; tourism industrial cluster＇ convergent and disperse mechanisms are mutual existence and restriction, and mutual transformation under certain conditions; the evolvement process of tourism industrial cluster is self-organization ordered system evolved from initially homogeneous system; positive land negative feedback mechanisms are the self-modulation mechanisms of tourism industrial cluster size, etc.