淮安市食管癌病例-对照研究(Ⅰ):烟、酒因素的作用

A CASE-CONTROL STUDY ON ESOPHAGEAL CANCER IN HUAIAN CITY, JIANGSU PROVINCE. (Ⅰ): ROLE OF THE CIGARETTE SMOKING AND ALCOHOL DRINKING

目的 研究淮安市烟、酒因素对食管癌的作用。方法 用１：１全人群病例－对照研究的方法调查淮安市５４９ 对食管癌病例和对照。结果 在调整了年龄、文化程度、腌制品、水果等因素后，发现吸烟是淮安市食管癌的危险因素。与不吸烟人群相比，男性现仍吸烟者ＯＲ为２．５（９５％ ＣＩ：１．６～３．８），男性曾经吸烟者ＯＲ为１．９（９５％ ＣＩ：０．９～４．０），男性患食管癌的危险随着吸烟量的增多，吸烟年限的延长而增加，且有显著的剂量反应关系，趋势检验Ｐ＜ ０．０１，女性也表现出相同的危险趋势，但大部分未达显著水平。采用Ｂｒｕｚｚｉ的方法估计淮安市男性吸烟调整的人群归因危险度百分比（ＰＡＲ％ ）为４５．７％ ，女性为８．３％ 。本研究未发现淮安市食管癌与饮酒相联系的证据。结论 吸烟是淮安市食管癌高发的重要原因之一，饮酒因素对淮安市食管癌的作用需进一步研究。

Objective To investigate the effects of smoking and alcohol drinking on esophageal cancer in Huaian City. Methods A population based case control study on esophageal cancer involving 549 new cases and 549 controls matched by sex and age (±3 a) was carried out during the period from June 1, 1994 to November 30, 1995 by Shanghai Cancer Institute in collaboration with Huaian Cancer Control Office. Results After adjustment for age , educational level, intake of preserved foods and fresh fruits, the results showed that smoking among males, whatever in terms of the smoking status, quantity and duration, was closing associated with the cancer, the trend test reached the statistically significant level. Smoking for females showed the similar trend as for males. By use of Bruzzi's method, the adjusted population attributable risk (PAR%) due to smoking for males was 45 7%, and for females was 8 3%. We did not find any links between the alcohol drinking and esophageal cancer in Huaian city.Conclusions Smoking played an important role in the formation of the esophageal cancer in Huaian city, but the effect of alcohol drinking on the cancer in this area should be studied further.$$$$